|
Goa University was established under the Goa University Act of 1984 (Act No. 7 of 1984) and commenced operations on 1 June 1985.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Goa University, Goa's premier University, Post Graduation, PH.D, B.SC, M.SC, Research Facilities Study India programme. )〕 The university provides higher education in the Indian state of Goa. After the annexation of Goa by India in December 1961, the University of Bombay, (now Mumbai) offered affiliation through its Centre of Post-Graduate Instruction and Research (located in the state capital, Panaji, or Panjim) to the first colleges that were instituted in Goa in June 1962. Since 1985 Goa University offers graduate and post-graduate studies and research programmes. It is currently (2014) accredited to the NAAC (National Assessment and Accreditation Council) in India with a rating of four stars. It is located on the Taleigao Plateau. ==Educational institutions in colonial Goa== Although the Portuguese colonial powers set up several seminaries and a number of parish schools after their arrival in Goa in the 16th century, these offered mainly religious and elementary education, respectively. Medical education started in the early 18th century, in the Royal Hospital in the old City of Goa, and the first regular medical course was offered in 1801 at the Royal and Military Hospital. In the 1950s attempts were made by the government to ensure compulsory enrolment in primary schools (Varde 83). Private schools also thrived, including in Marathi and English mediums. Some of these taught up to high school and prepared the students to appear for Secondary School Certificate Examination (Matric/SSCE) of the Maharashtra State Board of Secondary Education, Pune. Dr. P.S. Varde (History of Education in Goa from 1510 to 1975, Directorate of Art and Culture, Government of Goa, Panaji, Goa, 1977) quotes the following figures for enrolment in primary schools in Goa, Daman and Diu, in the year 1961-62: * In the 151 Government Portuguese primary schools – number of children: 17, 028 * In the 104 private Portuguese primary schools - 9, 298 * In the 4 Government Marathi-Portuguese schools: 125 * In the 167 registered (private) Marathi schools: 13, 309 * In the primary sections of the Marathi secondary (private) schools 2, 911 * In the 10 Urdu-Portuguese (Government) schools: 717 * In the 8 Urdu private schools: 482 * In the 11 Government Gujarati Portuguese schools: 1,101 * In the 4 non-Government Gujarati schools: 284 * In the primary sections of secondary Gujarati schools: 1,039 * In the 17 English medium private primary schools: 900 * In the primary sections of the three English Secondary Schools: 6, 413. * There were also around 100 Marathi schools not registered in the Education Department. The enrolment in secondary schools: * Lyceum: 921 * In the 13 Private Lyceum institutions: 1,700 * In the 53 private English schools 4, 997 * In the 19 Marathi schools: 1, 287 * In the 6 Gujarati schools: 283 Including the enrolment in the 4 Government Technical Schools (secondary level: 993), the grand total for all languages : 10, 181. “...the total number of children in primary schools would amount to 59, 607. This would mean that approximately 50% children out of the total population in the age group 7-13 were attending primary schools. The percentage enrolment in secondary schools for the age group 11-17 was approximately 14.6%.” (Varde 94-96). The duration of school education was of around 12 years, including pre-University education. Teachers’ Training: After a number of ineffectual attempts were made to start training institutes for teachers, in 1844 a teachers’ training school, Escola Normal, was established, in line with new directions from Portugal for the promotion of education in the colonies. (Cabral 95). The school was initially attached to the Lyceum, and underwent constant reforms as educational policies in Europe underwent change. Whereas earlier women students could only appear as private candidates, from 1894, in Portugal, it was made co-educational (Cabral 134). “When the Governor-General Joao Carlos Craveiro Lopes came out with his set of reforms (Goa ) through his “Portaria” issued on the 31st of May 1935, he stated clearly that the “Escola Normal de Luis de Camões” was meant for the training of Teachers of both sexes and would be under the Governor-General of the colony, who would administer it through the Directorate of Civil Administration.” (Cabral 114). Institutes of Higher Education in Colonial Goa: The first institutes of Higher Education were set up by the Portuguese administration in the nineteenth century, the main being the Academia Militar (Military Academy)(1817), later expanded into the Escola Matemática e Militar ( Mathematics and Military School) and the Escola Médico-Cirúrgico de Goa (School of Medicine and Surgery-) (1842). A course in pharmacology (Curso de Farmácia) was also created in 1842. In 1854 the Liceu Nacional Afonso de Albuquerque (Lyceum) was founded, offering higher education in the Humanities and the Sciences. The School of Medicine (a five-year medical course) and the Course in Pharmacy (a three-year course) were the first of their kind in Asia. None of these institutions were considered University – degree granting institutions. “The courses offered by the Lyceum were broad-based with a view to providing good cultural and scientific foundations for the students aiming at higher studies as well as those who were on the threshold of public life.” (Varde 61) Persons wishing to pursue university education of four or five years duration had to travel to British India or to Europe. University Education in post-annexation Goa: Within less than six months after the annexation of Goa, two colleges were started as a result of private initiatives and government backing: * Dhempe College of Arts and Science, Panjim (1962) (Goa Education Society) and * Parvatibai Chowgule College of Arts and Science, Margao (1962) (Chowgule Education Society) In the very first year, the number of students who registered in these two colleges added up to 879. Other colleges soon followed suit: * St. Xavier’s College, Bastora (1963) (then Mapusa) (Diocesan Society of Education) * Carmel College for Women, Nuvem (1964) ( Carmel Education Society) * S.S. Dempo College of Commerce and Economics (1966) (Goa Education Society) * The Engineering College in Panjim in 1967 (Government of Goa). As these institutions and more came into existence, the question of affiliation surfaced, and led to some debate since Goa was a Union Territory, and it was suggested they be affiliated to Delhi University. However the colleges opted to be affiliated to the University of Bombay, and at the request of the government of Goa, Daman and Diu, the Centre of Post-Graduate Instruction and Research was started in Goa by the University of Bombay with the support of the Goa administration. The Jha Committee proposed the establishment of a University in Goa, and recommended its gradual development from the Centre of Post-Graduate Instruction and Research (CPIR) into a full-fledged university over a period of five to ten years. The Committee made a number of additional recommendations in this regard, including the following: # 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Goa University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|